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Carbon Steel: Properties, Production, Examples and Applications


Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy, which contains up to 2.1 wt.% carbon. For carbon steels, there is no minimum specified content of other alloying elements, however, they often contain manganese. The maximum manganese, silicon and copper content should be less than 1.65 wt.%, 0.6 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%, respectively.


Types of carbon steel and their properties

Carbon steel can be classified into three categories according to its carbon content: low-carbon steel (or mild-carbon steel), medium-carbon steel and high-carbon steel [1]. Their carbon content, microstructure and properties compare as follows:

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Carbon Steel Description


Carbon content (wt.%)MicrostructurePropertiesExamples
Low-carbon steel< 0.25Ferrite, pearliteLow hardness and cost. High ductility, toughness, machinability and weldabilityAISI 304, ASTM A815, AISI 316L
Medium-carbon steel0.25 – 0.60MartensiteLow hardenability, medium strength, ductility and toughnessAISI 409, ASTM A29, SCM435
High-carbon steel0.60 – 1.25PearliteHigh hardness, strength, low ductilityAISI 440C, EN 10088-3

Grade:

1)GB: Q195, Q215, Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D, Q255A, 255B, Q275, Q295A, Q295B, Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E, Q390A, Q390B, Q390C,Q390D, Q390E, Q420, Q420B, Q420C, Q420D, Q420E, Q460D, Q460E, Q500D, Q500E, Q550D,

Q550E, Q620D, Q620E, Q690D,

2)EN: S185,S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S420NL, S460NL S500Q, S550Q, S620Q, S690Q

3)ASTM: Grade B, Grade C, Grade D, A36, Grade 36, Grade 40, Grade42, Grade 50, Grade 55, Grade 60, Grade 65, Grade 80

4)JIS: SS330, SPHC, SS400, SPFC, SPHD, SPHE

Product   Namecarbon steel  coil
Wall Thickness0.17mm-37mm
Width600mm-1250mm
ToleranceThickness:±0.03mm,   Width: ±50mm, Length: ±50mm
MaterialA36,A53,ASTM   A106,JIS S400Q235B,Q235C,Q235D,Q345E,Q345,Q390B,Q390C,
Q390D,Q390E,Q420,Q420B,Q420C,Q420DQ420E,
Q460,Q460D,Q500C,Q500D,,Q550C,Q550D,
Q550E,Q620C,Q620D,Q620E,Q690A,Q690B,Q690C,
Q690D,Q690E,Q690D,Q690C,Q890C,Q890D
16Mo3,16MnL,16MnR ,16Mng,16MnDR
TechniqueHot/cold   Rolled
Surface treatmentTop  paint: PVDF, HDP, SMP, PE, PU
Prime paint: polyurethane, epoxy, PE
Back paint: epoxy, modified polyester
StandardASTM,   JIS, EN
Delivery timesDelivered  within 30 days after the receipt of deposit
Payment terms30%  T/T deposit in advance, 70% T/T balance before the shipment, 100% Irrevocable   L/C at sight
Packagetied  up with steel strips and wrapped with water-proof paper
ApplicationWidely   used in roofing sheet, window-shades, car ceiling, the shell of the car, air   conditioner, outer shell of water machine,
steel structure, etc



StandardGradeGeneral SizeDelivery Condition
ASTM A36A36/A36-B5-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
ASTM A283A283-B/A283C5-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
ASTM A572A572Gr50-B/A572Gr42-B5-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
ASTM A515A515Gr705-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
ASTM A516A516Gr705-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
JIS G 3101SS400-B5-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
JIS G3136SN400B5-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
EN10025-2:2004S235JR-S355K2+N5-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition
EN10025-5:2004S355J2W/S355K2W5-20 * 2300-2500 * CBoron added or Black Condition




MaterialChinaFormerSoviet UnionAmericaEnglandJapanFrench
GBГOCTASTMBSJISNF
High Quality Carbon Structural Steel08F08KП1006040A04S09CK
881008045M10S9CK
10F
1010040A10
XC10
101010,101,012045M10S10CXC10
15151015095M15S15CXC12
20201020050A20S20CXC18
25251025
S25C
30301030060A30S30CXC32
35351035060A35S35CXC38TS
40401040080A40S40CXC38H1
45451045080M46S45CXC45
50501050060A52S50CXC48TS
55551055070M55S55CXC55
60601060080A62S58CXC55
15Mn15Г10,161,115080A17SB46XC12
20Mn20Г10,211,022080A20
XC18
30Mn30Г10,301,033080A32S30CXC32
40Mn40Г10,361,040080a40S40C40M5
45Mn45Г10,431,045080A47S45C
50Mn50Г10,501,052030A52080M50S53CXC48




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